中国2015-2016年麻疹监测系统运转情况分析

Evaluation of the measles surveillance system performance in China,2015-2016

目的评价2015-2016年中国麻疹监测系统（Measles surveillance system,MSS）的运转状况,为加强麻疹和风疹监测提供参考。方法描述性分析2015-2016年各省（区、市）通过MSS报告的麻疹监测病例个案数据库和MSS的主要运转指标。结果全国2015年共报告麻疹监测病例104 948例,其中麻疹42 382例、风疹8 143例、排除麻疹风疹54 423例;2016年共报告麻疹监测病例69 288例,其中麻疹24 839例、风疹4 540例、排除麻疹风疹39 909例。2015年、2016年全国排除麻疹风疹病例报告发病率分别为3.99/10万、2.90/10万,监测病例报告后48h内完整调查率分别为95.40%、97.06%,散发病例血标本采集率分别为97.47%、96.25%,血标本采集后3d内送达网络实验室比例分别为96.89%、96.50%,实验室收到标本后麻疹风疹Ig M检测结果 4d内报告率分别为89.51%和89.34%,麻疹暴发疫情实验室确诊率分别为99.39%和100%,麻疹暴发疫情病原学标本采集率分别为86.63%、86.90%。结论中国2015-2016年MSS各项监测指标均达到2014年修订的《全国麻疹监测方案》要求,MSS保持良好运转。需进一步提高薄弱地区MSS敏感性、特异性和及时性。

Objective To evaluate the running status of the measles surveillance system（MSS） in China from 2015 to 2016. Methods Descriptive methods were used to analyze MSS data reported by all provinces（municipalities or autonomous regions） during 2015-2016 and to evaluate MSS performance indicators. Results A total of 104 948 suspected cases were reported through MSS in 2015,of which 42 382 were classified as measles,8 143 were rubella,and 54 423 were non-measles/rubella. A total of 69 288 suspected cases were reported in 2016,of which 24 839 were classified as measles,4 540 were rubella,and 39 909 were non-measles/rubella. The incidence of reported non-measles/rubella was 3. 99 per100 000 population in 2015,and 2. 90 per 100 000 population in 2016. The proportion of suspected cases investigated within 48 h was 95. 40% in 2015 and 97. 06% in 2016; the proportion of sporadic cases with adequate serum specimen collection was 97. 47% and 96. 25%; the proportion of suspected cases with a blood specimen arriving at a laboratory within 3 days was 96. 89% and 96. 50%; the proportion of suspected cases with laboratory Ig M results reported within 4 days was 89. 51% and89. 34%; the proportion of laboratory-confirmed measles outbreaks reached 99. 39% and 100%; and the proportion of measles outbreaks with specimens collected for virus detection was 86. 63% and 86. 90%.Conclusions The MSS performance was good in China in 2015 and 2016,meeting the requirements of the National Measles Surveillance Guidelines that were updated in 2014. We should improve the sensitivity,specificity and timeliness of MSS in weak areas.