宁夏南部山区成人肥胖和高血压的流行特征及其关系的研究

Study on the prevalence and relationship of obesity and hypertension in southern mountain areas of Ningxia

目的了解宁夏南部山区成人肥胖和高血压的流行特征。方法采用人口比例抽样法，抽取南部山区10639名成人进行问卷调查、体格检查、血压测量。结果宁夏南部山区成人超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖、高体脂率、高血压的患病率分别为33．53％、10．71％、19．50％、27．69％、31．57％，经标化后分别为30．31％、9．62％、16．70％、24．90％、27．61％，且均有随着年龄增加而升高的趋势（P趋势〈0．05）。超重、肥胖、高体脂率、高血压的患病率男性高于女性（P〈0．05），腹型肥胖的患病率女性高于男性（P=0．003）。超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖、高体脂率人群的高血压患病率分别为38．14％、53．75％、52．69％、48．90％。体重指数、腰围、体脂率与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关性（P〈0．05）。多因素logistic分析结果表明，不同类型肥胖人群的高血压患病风险升高1．5倍左右。结论宁夏南部山区成人肥胖和高血压的患病率较高，肥胖、腹型肥胖、高体脂率人群的高血压总患病数已经接近或超过半数。

Objective To investigate the prevalences of the obesity and hypertension in southern mountain regions of Ningxia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 10 639 adults using questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood pressure measurement in southern mountain areas with a population proportionate sampling method. Results The prevalenees of overweight, obesity, central obesity, high percentage of body fat, and hypertension were 33.53%, 10. 71%, 19.50%, 27.69%, and 31.57% respectively, which were 30.31%, 9.62%, 16.70%, 24.90%, and 27.61% after age-adjustment in rural areas of Ningxia, and increased with aging （ P trend 〈0.05 ）. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and hypertension were higher in males than those in females （P〈0.05）, and that of central obesity was higher in females than in males （ P = 0. 003 ）. The prevalenees of hypertension in subjects with overweight, obesity, central obesity, high percentage of body fat were 38. 14%, 53.75%, 52.69%, and 48.90% ,respectively. Body mass index, waist circumference, and percentage of body fat were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure （P〈0.05）. The multivariable logistic model revealed that the risk of hypertension in different types of obesity increased about 1.5 times. Conclusion There is high prevalence of obesity and hypertension among the adults in southern mountain areas of Ningxia. The prevalence of hypertension in obesity, central obesity, and high percentage of body fat is closed to or more than half of the population investigated.