从想象西方到回归俄国——斯特拉霍夫论赫尔岑

From Imagination of the West to Return to Russia — Strakhov's Views on Herzen

传统的赫尔岑研究历来将其视为贵族革命者,崇尚西欧的西欧派。但文学批评家斯特拉霍夫从文化冲突的角度入手,将赫尔岑看作是一位曾经走投无路的虚无主义者,揭示了他最终转向俄国文化传统的精神历程,称他是在俄国文学中坚持民族信仰,与西方斗争的第一人。这一论述在今天看来不仅是思想家反西方理论的个案,更是19世纪下半期俄国文化自我反思的起点之一,值得关注。

Traditionally, A. I. Herzen has always been regarded as an aristocraticrevolutionary, and worshiper of the West Europe. However, from the perspective of cultural conflicts, N. N. Strakhov regards Herzen as a nihilist in despair, revealing his spiritual process of turning to the Russian cultural tradition and claiming that he sticks to the national beliefs and is the first one to fight against the West in Russian literature. This argument seems to be not only not only a typical case of the critic＇s anti-westernism, but also the starting point of self-reflection in Russian culture in the second half of the 19 th century.