浅议我国林地保护司法存在的问题与对策

Brief Discussion on Problems and Countermeasures in the Judicial Protection of the Law of Forest Land In China

目前，我国对森林生态系统保护的法律制度，尤其是林地保护司法制度，还存在林地刑事司法保护立法供给不足，刑事司法对林地犯罪行为打击乏力，以罚代刑现象较多、刑事处罚偏轻，对地方政府的林地违法行为缺乏有效的司法制约机制等问题。随着生态文明建设的不断发展，生态文明体制改革的日益深入，解决林地保护司法方面存在的上述问题刻不容缓。可从完善相关刑事立法，建立健全对党政领导干部的问责制、充分发挥环境公益诉讼制度保护林地资源的作用等方面加以考虑。

Currently, there are many problems in the legal system for the protection of forest ecosystem in China, particlularly in the law of forest land protection, such as inadequate supply of criminal justice protection legislation, insufficient power in cracking down the crimes in woodland in criminal justice,the replacement of criminal respon- sibility with penalty and the light criminal punishment, and lack of effective judicial restriction mechanism for ille- gal acts of local government on forest lands. With the continuous development of ecological civilization construc- tion and the deepening reform of the ecological civilization system, it is imperative to solve the above problems in the judicial protection of forest lands. To do so, we might start tentatively from improving relevant criminal legisla- lion, establishing and improving the accountability system for party and government leaders, giving full consider- ation to the role of environmental public interest litigation in protecting forest ecosystems, and so on.