水胶体敷料在预防PICC静脉炎中的应用研究

Study on the application of hydrocolloid dressing in the prevention of PICC phlebitis

目的探讨水胶体敷料对经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)化疗患者静脉炎的预防效果。方法 120例化疗患者,按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,各60例。试验组使用水胶体和多磺酸粘多糖乳膏(喜辽妥),对照组单独使用喜辽妥。观察与记录两组患者上肢疼痛程度和静脉炎的发生情况。结果对照组第一、二、三个疗程的疼痛评分为(3.12±0.56)、(4.23±0.85)、(4.98±0.40)分,试验组分别为(2.75±0.98)、(3.24±0.38)、(4.69±0.17)分;试验组患者第一、二个疗程的疼痛评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者第三个疗程的疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组静脉炎发生率为31.7%,低于对照组的55.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对化疗患者预防性使用水胶体敷料可减轻患者的上肢疼痛程度,降低静脉炎的发生率,提高患者的舒适度。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of hydrocolloid dressing in the prevention of phlebitis in chemotherapy patients with peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC）. Methods A total of 120 chemotherapy patients were divided by random number table method into experimental group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The experimental group received hydrocolloids and mucopolysaccharide Polysulfate Cream（Hirudoid）, and the control group received Hirudoid only. Observation and record were made on degree of upper limb pain and the occurrence of phlebitis between the two groups. Results The control group had pain score of first, second and third course as（3.12±0.56）,（4.23±0.85） and（4.98±0.40） points, which were respectively as（2.75±0.98）,（3.24±0.38） and（4.69±0.17） points in the experimental group. The experimental group had lower pain score of first, second and third course than the control group, and their difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in pain score of third course（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had lower incidence of phlebitis as 31.7% than 55.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The preventive application of hydrocolloid dressing for patients with chemotherapy can reduce pain degree in the upper limb of the patients, reduce the incidence of phlebitis and improve the comfort of the patients.