哈尔滨市社区老年女性慢性病现况及对生活质量影响研究

Study on status of chronic diseases of old women and the influence of chronic disease to their life quality in Harbin community

目的了解哈尔滨市社区老年女性的慢性病患病状况,探寻慢性病患病状态对老年女性生活质量的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,利用SF-36量表测量研究对象的生活质量,并进行血液检查等了解慢性病现况。结果研究对象共303人,有效率为97.7%。慢性病中血脂异常患病率最高(73.6%),其次高血压(63.7%)、糖尿病(14.9%)。高血压对研究对象的生活质量的总分以及3个维度有负性影响,包括生理机能、一般健康状况、精力(P<0.05)。没有发现其他两种慢性病对研究对象的生活质量产生明显影响。结论哈尔滨市社区老年女性慢性病患病情况较重,并影响其生活质量,需要加强相应的健康教育及健康管理工作。

Objective To investigate the situation of chronic diseases of old women in Harbin community,and analyze the influence of chronic diseases to their quality of life（QOL）. Method Cluster sampling method was used to collect subjects. SF-36 was used to measure the QOL of subjects. At the same time,the blood examination was carried out. Results A total of 303 old women were investigated. The effective rate of questionnaire was 97. 7%. The highest prevalence rate was in dyslipidemia（73. 6%）,then hypertension（63. 7%）,the lowest one belonged to diabetes（14. 9%）. And hypertension negatively influenced the total score and three dimensions（physical functioning,general health and vitality） of QOL of old women in Harbin community（P〈0. 05）.There was no remarkably impacts of dyslipidemia and diabetes on the QOL of subjects. Conclusion The chronic diseases situation of old women in Harbin community is severe. It leaded to significant negative effect on their QOL. It is necessary to strengthen health education and health management to control the chronic diseases.