澳洲鸽子石斛组织培养快速繁殖研究

Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill

以澳洲鸽子石斛(Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill)幼嫩假鳞茎为外植体进行组织培养和快速繁殖研究。结果表明:采用合适的消毒方式,外植体消毒成功率可达92.5%。MS培养基添加5.0 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA适合用于不定芽的诱导和前期增殖,MS培养基+0.5 mg·L^(-1) NAA+2.0 mg·L^(-1) KT的增殖倍数最高,为6.96。丛生芽诱导出愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+0.25 mg·L^(-1) 2,4-D,诱导率为80%;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养为MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA,愈伤组织分化芽数为381.99个·g^(-1)。MS+2.0 mg·L^(-1) IBA+10%香蕉泥+1 g·L^(-1)活性炭最适合于生根壮苗培养;试管苗在兰石:泥碳土(1:1)的混合基质中移栽3个月后,成活率达100%,且生长速度快,基质成本较低,适合澳洲鸽子石斛试管苗的商业化栽培。

The tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill was established by using the pseudobulbs as explants. The results showed that the success rate of explants disinfection reached 92.5% with proper disinfection methods. MS supplemented with 5 mg·L^-1 6-BA was suitable for adventitious bud induction and proliferation for previous generations. The most suitable medium for the multiplication was 0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA and 2.0 mg·L^-1 KT and the multiplication rate was 6.96. MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg·L^-1 2,4-D was the most appropriate for callus induction and the callus induction rate was 80%. MS with 1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA was most suitable for callus differentiation and 381.88 buds adventitious buds were induced for 1.0 g callus. MS supplemented with 2.0 mg·L^-1 IBA, 1 g·L^-1 activated carbon and 10% banana homogenate was suitable for the rooting and growth of cluster buds. On the mixture substrate of orchid stone： peat soil=1：1（V：V）, the cultured plantlets grew fast and the survival rate was 100%, which suggested that the substrate was suitable for transplanting in the commercial production.