上下颌前牙区三维牙槽骨厚度的锥形束CT分析

Three Dimensional Alveolar Bone Thicknesses in Maxillary and Mandibular Anterior Region via Cone Beam CT

目的:利用锥形束CT测量上下颌前牙区的三维牙槽骨厚度,并分析其与性别的关系。方法:共纳入华北地区174例患者的锥形束CT图像(男71例,女103例)。选定釉牙骨质界根方2mm(L1)、5mm(L2)、8mm(L3)处分别测量上下颌前牙区的唇舌侧及齿间牙槽骨厚度,分析其性别差异。结果:上颌前牙区唇侧L2水平处牙槽骨最厚。上颌前牙区的腭侧、下颌前牙区的唇舌侧随着与釉牙骨质界距离的增加,牙槽骨逐渐增厚。除下颌中切牙、侧切牙L1水平外,相同水平上唇侧牙槽骨均较舌侧薄。上下颌L1水平牙槽骨缺失较普遍。上颌前牙区舌侧男性牙槽骨较女性厚,而其他位置无性别差异。结论:牙槽骨三维厚度在前牙区具有部位特异性,为口腔治疗提供重要解剖学参考。

Objective：To investigate alveolar bone thickness in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth region by cone beam computed tomography（CBCT）,and to analyze the relationship between gender and the thickness of alveolar bone.Methods：One hundred and seventy-four CBCT images（71 males and 103 females）were selected for measuring alveolar bone thicknesses at labial,lingual,and interdental sides of anterior teeth at 2 mm（level 1,L1）,5 mm（level 2,L2）,and 8 mm（level 3,L3）below the cemento-enamel junction（CEJ）.The differences in alveolar bone thickness between female and male were analyzed.Results：Labial alveolar bone at L2 was the thickest in maxilla among three levels.With the increase in the distance from CEJ,alveolar bone became gradually thicker at maxillary lingual sites,mandible labial,and lingual sites.At the same level,alveolar bone at labial sites was thinner than that at lingual sites in anterior region,except for mandibular central incisor and lateral incisor at L1.Meanwhile,alveolar bone absence was common at L1.On the maxilla,lingual bone thickness of male was much thicker than that of female,while no gender difference was observed in other sites.Conclusion：Variation of alveolar bone thicknesses existed in anterior region,which provides an important anatomic reference for oral clinic therapy.