活字印刷技术与欧美音乐生态变迁——音乐生态变迁中的科学技术动因(之一)

On the Ecological changes of Movable-type Printing and European-American Music——Scientific and Technological Motivations in Ecological Changes of Music(1)

科学技术的发现与发明,是促使音乐生态变迁的最关键要素之一。作为音乐生态变迁动因的技术类种,主要是传播媒介技术——其中包括本文所讨论的活字印刷技术。自15世纪约翰内斯·古登堡发明活字印刷技术,至20世纪初的近500年中,活字印刷术的应用使欧美音乐生态发生了前所未见的巨大变迁。这一变迁的具体事象,可以从本文列举的若干方面予以观察。

The discoveries and inventions in science and technology are one of the key elements that contribute to ecological changes of music. The ecological change of music is attributed to many kinds of technologies, mainly media technology, including the moveable-type printing discussed in this paper.Invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century, the application of moveable-type printing had brought about unprecedented great changes in the ecology of European-American music by the beginning of the 20th century. In this paper, the ecological changes of music will be observed and elaborated on in several aspects.