中国鮡科褶鮡属鱼类的分布、习性与资源保护

Distribution,Habits and Resources Conservation of Catfish Pseudecheneis(Siluriformes:Sisoridae)in China

本文以中国分布的褶鮡属鱼类为对象,详细介绍其物种组成及分布区域。在综合历史文献和作者研究成果的基础上,不仅科学地解释褶鮡属鱼类的形态特征与生境之间的适应关系,还客观地阐述该类群分布特点、起源及生活特性。同时,讨论了褶鮡属鱼类资源保护面临的胁迫因素。作者认为胁迫因素主要包括水土流失、水质污染、水利工程、外来物种入侵、竭泽而渔等,并针对性地提出相应的保护措施及建议。某一水系鱼类区系组成有其一定的历史渊源,每个物种皆是该鱼类区系组成的一份子。褶鮡不可能单独地生活于自然环境中,它们与江河自然环境、与其他生物有着千丝万缕的联系。它们的生存状况和承受的生存压力在鱼类其他类群中也同样存在,所以有效保护江河鱼类资源已刻不容缓。

To investigate the genus of Pseudecheneis in China, the details ot the species composmon ano distribution area of this genus are introduced in this paper. Combining historical literatures and investigation results of authors, the adaptive relationship between the morphology and habitat of Pseudecheneis fish is scientifically interpreted, and their population distribution features, origin and life characteristics are objectively expatiated. Meanwhile the threat factors affecting resources conservation of rheophilic catfishes are discussed. The authorts considered that the main threat factors are soil erosion, water pollution, water conservancy project, invasive species, overfishing and so on. Finally, the corresponding protective methods and suggestions are proposed. A river fish fauna has its historical origin with each species being a part of the fish fauna. The catfishes of Pseudecheneis are impossible to live in the natural environment alone, they have an inextricable connection with river natural environment and other living creatures. Their living condition and the survival stress are also faced by other fish groups equally. So it is extremely urgent now to effectively protect freshwater fish resources.