基于EPG分析无翅型和有翅型柑橘蚜虫的取食行为

Feeding behaviors of apterous and alate adults of two citrus aphid species based on EPG

为明确无翅型、有翅型柑橘蚜虫取食行为的差异,采用EPG技术对褐色橘蚜Toxoptera citricida(Kirkaldy)和棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover的有翅型、无翅型成蚜在柑橘苗上的取食行为进行测定。结果表明,褐色橘蚜无翅型和有翅型的EPG均记录到7种取食波形,依次为非刺探波np、路径波A、B和C、电位下降波pd、韧皮部取食波E1和E2;棉蚜无翅型和有翅型的EPG记录到9种取食波形,除上述7种外,还包括木质部主动吸食波G和口针阻碍波F。褐色橘蚜有翅型和无翅型的np波持续时间为25.73 min和8.39 min,二者间差异显著;棉蚜有翅型的np波持续时间、刺探次数、C波次数分别为27.34 min、19.16次、20.21次,显著高于无翅型,而刺探总持续时间为332.66 min,显著低于无翅型。棉蚜的C波次数及总持续时间、刺探次数、pd波次数及总持续时间均显著高于褐色橘蚜,而E2波总持续时间及平均持续时间均显著小于褐色橘蚜。表明棉蚜无翅型比有翅型在柑橘上更容易取食,影响有翅型蚜虫取食的抗性因子可能位于柑橘表面;褐色橘蚜比棉蚜对柑橘的适应性更强。

In order to clarify the difference in the feeding behavior of apterous and alate morphs of citrus aphids, the stylet penetration activities of apterous and alate adults of brown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida（Kirkaldy） and cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover were investigated on citrus by the electrical penetration graph（EPG）. The results showed that there were seven EPG waveforms for apterous and alate T. citricida feeding on citrus leaves, including non-penetration（np） waveform, pathway waveforms A, B and C, potential drop（pd） waveform, phloem sap ingestion E1 and E2, and apterous and alate A.gossypii aphids had nine EPG waveforms, including xylem sap ingestion G, mechanical difficulties F in addition to seven above-mentioned EPG waveforms. Significant difference was found in duration time of np between the alate（25.73 min） and apterous T. citricida aphids（8.39 min）. The duration time of np（27.34 min）, number of C（19.16 times） and number of probes（20.21 times） of alate A. gossypii were higher than those of apterous T. citricida; however, total duration of probing was 332.66 min, significantly lower than that of apterous T. citricida. The number and duration of C, number of probes, number and total duration of pd of A. gossypii were significantly higher than those of T. citricida; however, the duration and mean duration of E2 of A. gossypii were significantly shorter than those of T. citricida. The apterous A. gossypii fed easily on healthy plants compared with the alate, indicating that the resistance factors that affect the feeding of alate A. gossypii might exist on the surface of citrus leaves. Moreover, T.citricida had a stronger adaptability to the citrus.