高、低温处理时间对东方粘虫成虫能源物质及飞行能力的影响

Effects of high-or low-temperature treatment time on energy material and flight capacity in the adults of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)

为明确高、低温处理对东方粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)成虫能源物质积累和飞行能力的影响,采用生化分析手段和飞行磨技术测定经不同时间的高、低温处理后东方粘虫成虫能源物质含量和代谢酶活力以及飞行能力的变化。结果表明,卵至成虫低温饲养其糖原、海藻糖、总脂含量均最高,分别为6.45、3.74、10.58 mg/g,但3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(GPD)、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)和3-羟酰辅酶A脱氢酶(HOAD)活力均最低,分别为197.09、140.43和17.59μmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1)protein;卵至6龄幼虫高温、蛹低温饲养,其甘油三酯含量最高,为0.85 mg/g,飞行能力最弱,飞行时间平均为1.94 h、飞行距离平均为5.57 km;卵至6龄幼虫低温、蛹高温饲养,其糖原含量最低,为4.07 mg/g,但飞行能力最强,飞行时间平均为4.14 h、飞行距离平均为13.17 km;卵至2龄幼虫低温、3龄后高温饲养,其海藻糖含量最低,为1.47 mg/g;卵至成虫高温饲养,其总脂和甘油三酯含量最低,分别为6.54 mg/g和0.2 mg/g,HOAD活力最高,为62.16μmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1)protein;卵至5龄幼虫低温、6龄后高温饲养,其GPD和GAPDH活力最高,分别为324.94、275.14μmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1)protein。表明高、低温处理对东方粘虫能源物质积累及飞行能力有显著影响,高温使其代谢酶活力升高,抑制能源物质积累,有利于成虫迁飞;低温使其代谢酶活力降低,促进能源物质积累,抑制飞行,且高、低温对东方粘虫飞行能力的影响主要发生在蛹期后。

To clarify the effects of high-and low-temperature on the accumulation of energy substances, the activities of metabolic enzymes and flight capacity of oriental armyworm Mythimna separata adults. Biochemical analysis was conducted to measure the contents of glycogen, trehalose, total lipid,triglyceride, and the activity changes of 3-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase（GPD）, 3-glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase（GAPDH） and 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase（HOAD）, and the flight mill was used to determine the flight capacities of oriental armyworms under different treatment durations. The results showed that the contents of glycogen, trehalose, and total lipid were the highest with 6.45, 3.74, and 10.58 mg/g, respectively, but the activities of metabolic enzymes were the lowest with 197.09, 140.43 and 17.59 μmol · min（-1）· g（-1） protein for GPD, GAPDH and HOAD, respectively,when they were reared at low temperature from egg to adults. Triglyceride content was the lowest with0.85 mg/g and flight capacity was the weakest with a flight duration of 1.94 h and a flight distance of5.57 km on average when they were reared at high temperature from egg to 6 th larval instar and low temperature since pupal stage. Glycogen content was the lowest with 4.07 mg/g and flight capacity was the highest with a flight duration of 4.14 h and a flight distance of 13.17 km on average at low temperature from egg to 6 th larval instar and high temperature since pupal stage. Trehalose content was the lowest（1.47 mg/g） when treated with low temperature from egg to 2 nd instar larval stage and high temperature since 3 rd instar larval stage. Total lipid and triglyceride contents were the lowest（6.54 mg/g and 0.2 mg/g, respectively） and the activity of HOAD was the highest（62.16 μmol · min（-1）· g（-1） protein） when treated by high temperature through the life history. The activities of GPD and GAPDH were the highest（324.94 and 275.14 μmol · min（-1）· g（-1） protein, respectively） when treated with low temperature from egg to 5 th instar larval stage and high temperature since 6 th instar larval stage. These results suggested that high and low temperature had an evident effect on accumulation of energy substances and flight capacity. High temperature increased the activities of metabolic enzymes, restrained accumulation of energy substances, and benefited migration, while low temperature promoted accumulation of energy substances, decreased the activities of metabolic enzymes, and suppressed migration. It was primarily that high and low temperature affected the flight capacity of the oriental armyworm after the pupal stage.