不同药剂和施药方法对韭蛆的田间防治效果

Field control efficacy of various pesticides and different application methods against Chinese chive gnat Bradysia odoriphaga

为筛选对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga高效低毒的防治药剂、使用剂量及科学合理的施药方法,分别采用定点喷淋法、二次灌根法和常规灌根法对呋虫胺、噻虫嗪、虱螨脲、氟铃脲和灭蝇胺5种药剂的4个浓度进行田间药效试验。结果表明:不同药剂相同有效成分用量1.125 kg/hm^2下,第28天的防治效果依次为呋虫胺、噻虫嗪>氟铃脲>虱螨脲>灭蝇胺,保株效果依次为呋虫胺、噻虫嗪、氟铃脲>虱螨脲>灭蝇胺,呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和氟铃脲的防治效果分别为100.00%、99.03%和96.82%,显著高于对照药剂40%辛硫磷乳油(3.600 kg/hm^2)的防治效果。与农药残留限定标准比较,所有韭菜样品的农药残留均未超标。另外,比较呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和氟铃脲在不同施药方法下对韭蛆的防治效果,二次灌根法>定点喷淋法>常规灌根法。因此,选择呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和氟铃脲的有效成分用量分别为1.125、0.900和0.900 kg/hm^2,并采用二次灌根法施药对韭蛆有良好的防治效果。

To screen pesticides with high efficiency and low toxicity and select scientific and reasonable application methods against Chinese chive gnat Bradysia odoriphaga, three methods（fixed-point spray,twice root-irrigation, and conventional root-irrigation） were separately applied with five pesticides（dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, lufenuron, hexaflumuron and cyromazine） at four concentrations to test control efficiency in fields. The efficiencies of different insecticides with the same active ingredient（1.125 kg/hm2）against B. odoriphaga on the 28 th day were： dinotefuran, thiamethoxam〉hexaflumuron〉lufenuron〉cyromazine; the survival efficiencies of different insecticides on Chinese chive were： dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, hexaflumuron〉lufenuron〉cyromazine, and the control efficiencies of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam and hexaflumuron were 100.00%, 99.03%, and 96.82%, respectively,significantly higher than that of the control pesticide 40% phoxim EC（3.600 kg/hm2）. The pesticide residues in all samples were under residue limit standard. In addition, the control efficiencies of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam and hexaflumuron under various application methods against B. odoriphaga were： twice root-irrigationfixed-point spray〉conventional root-irrigation. Therefore, the insecticide active ingredients such as dinotefuran at 1.125 kg/hm2, thiamethoxam at 0.900 kg/hm2 and hexaflumuron at 0.900 kg/hm2, applied by twice root-irrigation could produce favorable control effect against B. odoriphaga.