再生铅厂土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价

Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Soil Surrounding a Secondary Lead Plant

为监测和评估再生铅生产的环境风险,掌握再生铅生产企业搬迁前后周边土壤重金属污染特征及富集规律,该文检测了江苏省某再生铅生产企业周边土壤中重金属(Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn和Cr)的浓度,并评价污染程度及其健康风险。结果表明,该企业周边土壤中重金属污染状况为Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn≈Cr,其中Cd污染最为严重,超过了土壤环境二级标准,存在极强的生态风险;健康风险评价表明,再生铅生产企业周边土壤中Cd和Pb污染对人体存在较强的潜在健康风险,特别是对儿童健康影响更加严重。总体而言,新建厂区污染远低于废弃厂区,表明工业企业科学规划、异地搬迁有利于降低环境风险。

In order to monitor and evaluate the environmental risk of the secondary lead production, the characteristics and enrichment of heavy metals in the surrounding soils were investigated in the new plant and waste producing area. The effects,degrees of contamination and its health risk of heavy metals（Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cr） were evaluated. The results showed that the pollution of heavy metals in the soils surrounding the secondary lead factory was CdPbCuZn≈Cr. Cd was the most serious polluted, which exceeded the Grade Ⅱ of soil environment standard and had strong ecological risk. And health risk assessment indicated that the pollution of Cd and Pb in the soils surrounding this area has a strong potential health risk to the human body, especially to children. Furthermore, the pollution of the new plant area is much lower than that of the waste plant area, which indicates that the scientific planning and relocation of industrial enterprises are beneficial to reduce the environmental risk.