5MW风力机塔影效应双向流固耦合分析

Two-way Fluid-structure Interaction Analysis of Tower Shadow Effect of a 5 MW Wind Turbine

为了分析塔影效应对兆瓦级风力机的影响,以NREL 5 MW大型风力机为研究对象进行了风力机双向流固耦合的数值模拟。结果表明:塔筒会导致风力机叶片气动载荷的波动程度增加,叶轮受到的周向转矩与轴向推力的波动幅度是无塔筒时的3倍以上,这导致在风力机运行过程中叶轮和叶片产生的形变和应力波动加剧,且数值在总体上也有所增大,说明有塔筒时叶轮的运行状态更不稳定,塔影效应对风力机的稳定性有不利影响。

Taking the NREL 5 MW wind turbine as an object of study, a two-way fluid-structure interac- tion numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the effects of tower shadow on large-scale wind tur- bines. Results show that the tower enhances the fluctuation of the aerodynamic load of turbine blades. The fluctuation of torque and thrust forces on the rotor would be more than three times compared with the condition without tower, as a result, the deformation and equivalent stress of the rotor and blades also increase and fluctuate observably, which means that the tower makes the rotor work in a worse condition. In summary, the tower shadow effect has some negative influence on the working stability of wind turbines.