长江经济带全要素生态效率的时空分异与演变

Research on Spatial-Temporal Variation and Evolution of Total-Factor Ecological Effciency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

将基于生态足迹模型计算所得的生态足迹指标纳入全要素生产率分析框架之中,运用SBM模型测算2000~2014年长江经济带的全要素生态效率。实证研究结果显示:(1)长江经济带各省市在生态足迹总量和年均增长率方面均存在显著差异。2000~2014年平均生态足迹最大的是江苏省,最小的是重庆市;生态足迹年均增长率最高的是江苏省,最低的是上海市。(2)长江经济带整体及上中下游的全要素生态效率在2000~2014年间呈现出"先下降,后波动"的变化趋势。上中下游全要素生态效率差异显著,下游地区的全要素生态效率最高,中游地区次之,上游地区最低。(3)长江经济带各省市的全要素生态效率存在显著差异,上海的生态效率最优,贵州的生态效率最劣,大体呈现出由西向东逐步提升的分布态势,同时,在研究期内长江经济带全要素生态效率地区差距呈缩小趋势。

By incorporating regional ecological footprint calculated based on the ecological footprint model into the analysis framework of total factor productivity measurement,this study evaluates the total-factor ecological efficiency of regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt during 2000-2014 using the SBM model. The empirical results show that： first,there exist significant regional disparity in the mean value and average annual growth rate of ecological footprint among regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The largest average ecological footprint in 2000-2014 is found in Jiangsu,while the smallest is Chongqing. Meanwhile,Jiangsu is found with the highest annual growth rate of ecological footprint,while the lowest is Shanghai. Second,the ecological efficiency of the whole Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an evolution trend of ＂decline first and then fluctuate＂during 2000-2014. The total-factor ecological efficiency score in the downstream area is the highest,followed by the midstream area,and the upstream area is at the bottom. Finally,there exist significant disparity in total-factor ecological efficiency among provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Shanghai is found with the highest ecological efficiency while Guizhou has the lowest. In general,the distribution pattern of ecological efficiency is presented as a gradual increase from west to east. Meanwhile,the regional disparity of total factor ecological efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt is found with a narrowing trend during the study period.