基于概念距离的汉语动结式类型学特征

Typological Characteristics of Chinese Resultative Verb Compounds Based on the Conceptual Distance

本文从汉语动结式中动词和补语的语义推导关系及动结式补语的语义指向出发,通过挖掘汉语动结式的特点和跨语言的比较,发现汉语动结式具有很强的标记性。从动词与补语的语义推导关系来看,汉语中存在语义推导关系弱的强动结式;从补语的语义指向来看,汉语中也存在大量补语指向主语的动结式。这些都证明汉语动结式在类型学上具有较强的标记性。本文提出,动词与补语的语义推导关系及补语的语义指向均与动结式中动词与补语的概念距离有关,并综合两方面的视角总结出了汉语动结式的类型学特征。

This article examines the characteristics of Chinese resultative verb compounds （RVCs） from a cross-linguistic perspective within the frame of semantic predication and semantic orientation, and finds that the Chinese resultative verb compounds are cross-linguistically marked. Chinese has strong RVCs of low semantic predication from the perspective of the verb-complement semantic relationship, and a large number of subject-oriented RVCs from the perspective of the complement＇s semantic orientation, which all prove that Chinese RVCs are typologically significant. This article argues that the verb-complement semantic predication and the complement＇s semantic orientation are both affected by the conceptual distance between the verb and the complement, and summarizes the typological characteristics of RVCs from both aspects