明清新安世医探析

Xin'an physicians of long family tradition in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清新安世医在明朝嘉靖年间形成学有所传、业有所精、各科齐全的世医群体,总体人数不少于300人,占明清新安医家总数的1/3。明清新安世医特征鲜明,呈现医而好儒、医儒兼通的文化气质和理论有渊源、临床有真授的专业素养。明清新安世医的形成是明初世医制度、明中叶徽州宗族医疗保障及明清徽州社会尊医贵儒等多因素共同作用的结果。

Physicians of long family tradition in Xin＇an emerged as a unique TCM school in Ming and Qing dynasties. They inherited family medical techniques, excelled in clinical practice and their specialties covered almost all fields for generations,with a total population of no less than 300 people.This TCM physician group accounted for one third of all TCM physicians in Xin＇an. They were featured by excellence in both medical practice and Confucian literature. They were scholars who studied medicine; they were also professional practitioners with profound theoretical studies and satisfactory clinical efficacy. The family tradition of TCM physician education in early Ming Dynasty,support for medical care from clan system in Huizhou in middle Ming Dynasty,and high respect for TCM physician in Ming and Qing Dynasty in Huizhou all contributed to the formation of Xin＇an school of TCM physician group during that historical period.