2012—2016年淮安市放射工作人员职业健康状况

Occupational health status of radiation workers in Huai'an City from 2012-2016

目的了解淮安市放射性工作人员健康状况,探索其动态变化趋势,为更好保障放射性工作人员健康提供依据。方法收集2012—2016年淮安市3 413人放射性工作人员进行职业健康检查的资料,比较不同年份、不同年龄及工龄研究对象间辐射相关健康指标异常情况。结果晶状体浑浊率0.88%,呈逐年下降的趋势(Z=-2.32,P<0.05);肝功能异常率逐年上升(Z=6.38,P<0.01),2016年最高为19.64%。不同年龄组研究对象肝功能及尿液检查异常率间差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=8.11,P<0.05;χ~2=9.82,P<0.05),40~49岁年龄组肝功能异常率最高为15.89%,≥50岁年龄组尿液异常率最高为3.59%。不同工龄研究对象晶状体浑浊率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.11,P<0.05)。结论 2012—2016年淮安市放射性工作人员健康状况有所好转,但部分健康指标仍然存在异常率较高的情况,应进一步规范放射性工作人员的健康管理。

[Objective]To understand the health status and its dynamic variation of radiation workers in Huai＇an City provide evidence for better guarantee of radiation workers＇ health. [Methods] Data of occupational physical examination from 3 413 radiation workers in Huai＇an City from 2012-2016 were collected to compare the abnormality of health indicators among subjects with different characteristics, including year, age and working age. [Results] The rate of lens opacification was 0.88% and it decreased year by year（Z=-2.32, P〈0.05）, and the abnormal rate of liver function showed increasing trend（Z=6.38, P〈0.01）,which reached the peak in 2016（19.64%）. The differences in abnormal rates of liver function and urine tests were statistically significant among different age groups（χ~2=8.11, P〈0.05; χ~2=9.82, P〈0.05）, and the abnormal rate of liver function in 40-49 year-old age group was the highest（15.89%）, while the abnormal rate of urine tests in ≥50 year-old age group was the highest（3.59%）. There was statistically significant difference in the rate of lens opacification among different working age groups（χ~2=8.11, P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The health status of radiation workers in Huai＇an City has improved from 2012 to 2016, but some health indicators are still high. It is necessary to further standardize the health management of radiation workers.