儒家“修身为本”的内向传播意蕴考析

An Analysis on the Intrapersonal Communication of Confucian “Self-cultivation”

儒家内向传播思想实质是主体在心灵世界中的自我对话,即实然的我(主我)与应然的我(客我)在修身成圣的精神感召下,不断地反省,推动自我朝适应社会、完善自我的理想境界前进的一种思维升华过程与方法。从这一意义来看,"修身"可以被视为一种儒家内向传播观念。这是因为修身的过程往往表现为主体自身自由自然地将自我分别为主我与客我,从而在心灵深处进行着类似于人际沟通的对话过程,而且这一过程贯穿于士人精神生活的始终。总而言之,儒家的"修身"实质是"内圣外王"的精练表述,它是以古代圣贤为榜样,以"内省""自悟"为基本路径,以"仁"为操作指向,以"礼"为自我调适的标准,以"中庸""慎独""恕道"为内向传播的主要方法论,以造就"圣人之德"和"圣人之功"为最高精神境界和理想目标,从而蕴含着一个内涵丰富的儒家内向传播体系。

The essence of Confucian intrapersonal communication is the self-dialogue in the spiritual world, namely the cultivation and promotion to adapt to the society and perfect thoughts. From this point ofview,＂self-cultivation＂is regarded as a kind of Confucian intrapersonal communication because the processof cultivation is the self dialogue, which is similar to the interpersonal communication in spiritual life. To sumup, the Confucian＂self-cultivation＂takes the ancient wise people as examples,＂self-reflection＂and＂self-re-alizing＂as basic paths,＂Ren＂as the direction,＂Li＂as the standard of self-control, and＂golden mean＂＂cautiousness＂＂forgiveness＂as the main methodology, so as to reach the highest spiritual realm and an ideal target,containing a rich connotation of Confucian introverted transmission system.