服装款式特征对人体局部传热性能的影响

Influence of clothing styles on local thermal transfer performance

为研究不同服装款式的衣下间隙分布特征,及其对人体局部区段向外环境热量传递的影响,采用同种纺织面料设计制作了3款号型相同但款式不同的实验衬衫(H廓型、A廓型、X廓型),应用红外热像仪对裸体与服装外表面温度分布进行无干扰高精度探测,并将人体划分为不同的部位区段,量化人体各区段的局部衣表温度与皮肤温度的差值,以此表征服装的局部传热性能。结果表明:人体局部的体型特征与服装款式共同影响服装局部传热性能,一方面,服装局部传热性能存在区段间差异;另一方面,款式A的隔热性能最优,且在腹部、腰部、下背、前臀、后臀部位,其衣表温差显著高于其他2款服装,而在上胸、下胸及上背区域,由于人体骨骼肌肉的隆起,3款服装间的局部传热性能未发现显著性差异。

To investigate the distribution features of air gaps of different clothing styles,and their influence on local heat transfer from human body to environment,three experiment shirts were designed and made with fabric the same size but different style（H-shaped,A-shaped and X-shaped）.The research used the thermal infrared camera to detect the temperature distribution of the naked and the clothing surface with high precision.Meanwhile,in order to characterize the local thermal transfer performance of clothing,the human body was divided into different segments,and the temperature difference between the local clothing surface and the skin of each section was quantified.The results show that the local body characteristics influences the local thermal transfer performance along with the clothing styles.On one hand,the local thermal transfer performance of clothing has difference among the body segments; on the other hand,A-shaped shirt has the best thermal insulation performance,and its surface temperatures in the abdomen,waist,lower back,front buttock and back buttock area are significant higher than those of other two shirts,while in the upper chest,lower chest and upper back area,no significant differences exist in local heat transfer performance among three shirts because of the apophysis of skeletal muscles.