经济发展与生态环境耦合协调发展研究

Study on the Coupling and Coordination between Economic Development and Ecological Environment

通过构建经济发展与生态环境评价指标体系,选用耦合协调度模型,测算2016年我国31个省市经济发展与生态环境的耦合协调度,并运用系统聚类法进行分类分析。研究结果表明:(1)从整体上来看,18个省市耦合度在0.9以上,处于高度耦合阶段;耦合协调度集中分布在0.3-0.5之间,基本集中于初级协调、濒临协调、初级失调和中级失调四个程度,还未达到良好协调和高级协调;(2)从空间分布来看,经济发达的东部沿海地区耦合度普遍较低;而其耦合协调度却高于经济较为落后的中西部地区。(3)结合各地区实际情况提出相应建议如下:华东地区应构建绿色技术创新体系以提高资源利用率,加大生态环境保护力度;华北地区着力解决突出环境问题,同时调整能源消费结构,改变目前的粗放式发展模式;中西部地区则应在重点发展经济的基础上,灵活运用市场机制,将生态环境优势转变为经济发展优势。

In this paper, the index system of economic development and ecological environment evaluation is es-tablished, and the coupling coordination model is selected to calculate the degree of the coupling and coordina-tion between economic development and ecological environment in 31 provinces and cities in China in 2016 by u- sing hierarchical clustering method. The results show that： （ 1） Overall, the coupling degree of the 18 provinces and cities is above 0. 9, which is in the stage of high coupling; the coupling and coordination is concentrated in the range of 0. 3 -0. 5 , and basically on the primary coordination, the near - coordination and primary disorders and medium - level imbalances, but not yet achieving good coordination and high - level coordination. （2） From the perspective of spatial distribution, the degree of coupling in economically developed eastern coastal areas is generally low ; while the degree of coupling and coordination is higher than that in economically backward West-ern Region. （3 ） Relevant suggestions are put forward according to the actual situation in different regions ： EastChina should set up a green technology innovation system to improve the utilization rate of resources and intensify the protection of the ecological environment. In North China, efforts should be made to solve the outstanding en-vironmental problems and adjust the energy consumption structure so as to change the present extensive mode of development ; central and western regions should make a flexible use of market mechanisms on the basis of eco-nomic development, turning the advantages of ecological environment into the advantages economic development.