多普勒雷达产品在湘南一次人工防雹作业中的应用

Doppler Radar Products: Application in An Artificial Hail Suppression in Southern Hunan

为探索多普勒雷达产品在人工防雹作业时机选择和作业效果分析中的作用,笔者利用郴州站多普勒雷达产品结合高空、地面观测资料,分析了2016年3月20日发生在湘南地区的一次人工防雹作业过程。结果表明:500 hPa高空槽东移、中低空急流和切变线、地面辐合线等在湘南共同作用,为本次冰雹天气的发生提供了有利的动力、热力、水汽和不稳定条件;根据组合反射率出现超过65 dBZ的强回波、多个仰角上出现明显的三体散射及旁瓣回波特征、大于50 kg/m^2的垂直积分液态含水量VIL高值区等回波特征选择作业时机;通过风暴属性特征的对比,作业前冰雹的回波特征和指标明显,作业后冰雹回波特征迅速减弱消失,说明雷暴单体(冰雹云)特征的生消演变与人工防雹作业过程非常吻合,因此,综合应用多种多普勒雷达产品对准确选择作业时机以及分析作业效果具有重要指示作用。

To explore the role of Doppler radar products in the timing and effect analysis of the artificial hail suppression operation, based on the Doppler radar products of Chenzhou, the upper-air and surface observation data, the authors analyzed a hail suppression operation in southern Hunan on March 20, 2016. The results showed that： with the coaction of upper trough eastward in 500 hPa, the middle-low level jet, the middle-low level shear line and surface mesoscale convergence line in southern Hunan, favorable dynamic,thermodynamic, vapor and unstable conditions were provided for the occurrence of the hail weather. More than 65 dBZ reflectivity factor in CR, the obvious lasting TBSS（three-body scatter spike） and side lobe echo in multiple elevation, more than 50 kg/m^2 vertical integrated liquid（VIL） and so on provided an important indicator for the timing of the artificial hail suppression operation. By comparing the characteristics of storm properties, the hail echo characteristic of thunderstorm monomer（hail cloud） before operation was obvious, the hail echo of hail cloud decreased rapidly after operation, indicating the characteristics of the hail cloud changed with the operation. The comprehensive application of multiple Doppler radar products is of great importance to the timing and effect analysis of the artificial hail suppression operation.