连续重整装置预加氢反应器压力降升高原因分析

Analysis of increase of pressure drop in the pre-hydrotreating reactor of continuous catalytic reforming unit and solution

对陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司延安石油化工厂1.2 Mt/a连续重整装置预加氢反应器压力降升高的原因进行了分析。分析原因为:(1)预加氢反应器床层上部的催化剂颗粒物及床层上部粉末中Fe_2O_3含量较高,粉末状垢物沉积到催化剂床层中,阻塞了催化剂颗粒间隙,引起反应器压力降上升;(2)未及时有效处理床层上部粉末状垢物(沉积的铁锈、焦粉等粉尘),致其随原料带入到反应器床层顶部;(3)装置非计划停工。采取的主要措施:(1)对预加氢反应器顶部进行了催化剂撇头(共撇出旧催化剂4.5 t,补充装填催化剂2.1 t);(2)对预加氢加热炉炉管进行了13次爆破吹扫,直到无黑色烟尘排出为止。装置抢修开工后,预加氢反应器压力降一直保持在117 kPa左右,压力降升高的问题得到了有效解决。

The causes of high pressure drop in the pre-hydrotreating reactor of the 1. 2 MM TPY continuous catalytic reforming unit in the Refining Petrochemical Company of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum（ Group） Co.,Ltd. are analyzed. The causes are found to be：（ 1） the Fe_2O_3 in the powders in the reactor and upper section of reactor bed is higher,the powder foul deposits in the catalyst bed,which plugs the spaces between the catalyst particles and causes the rise of pressure drop of reactor;（ 2） the powder fouls（ deposited Fe rust,coke powder,etc） have not been removed from the upper section of reactor bed in the timely manner and are carried over to the overhead of reactor with feedstock;（ 3） unscheduled shutdown of the unit. The major countermeasures taken are：（ 1） the catalysts in the overhead of pre-hydrotreating reactor are skimmed（ the 4. 5 tons of spent catalysts are skimmed and 2. 1 tons of make-up catalysts are added.）;（ 2） the furnace tubes of pre-hydrotreating unit are blasted for cleaning for 13 times until there is no black flue gas emission.After re-start-up of the unit,the pressure drop of pre-hydrotreating reactor is maintained at about 118 kPa and problem of high pressure drop has been effectively solved.