中美两国中小学校长信息化领导力比较研究

A Comparative Study on ICT Leadership of Principals in Primary and Secondary Schools in China and the U.S.

校长的教育信息化领导力是学校信息化建设的关键要素,是促进信息技术与教育教学深度融合的重要保障。文章梳理中美两国教育信息化领导力标准和提升项目,对比分析两国标准的适用对象、主要任务和具体内容,发现中美两国在中小学领导体制上存在差异,导致美国的标准适用对象更广,而我国的标准任务更加明晰;对比分析两国提升项目的课程结构、评价方式、保障措施和认证方式,发现美国STLI/STL项目的课程内容范围更广,授课方式能满足学习者个性化的需求,而我国"提升项目"的内容针对性更强,但认证方式和保障措施方面还有较大的进步空间。在此基础上,建议我国在提升校长信息化领导力方面,应创新培训模式、规范课程实施、保障认证机制。

The principal＇s leadership of ICT is the key factor in the construction of school informatization and an important guarantee to promote the deep integration of information technology and education. Through analyzing the leadership standards and promotion programs of ICT in China and the United States and comparing the applicable targets, major tasks and specific contents of two countries＇ standards, this study finds that the two countries have differences in the leadership system of primary and secondary schools, leading to a broader range of U.S. standards and a clearer tasks in China. After comparing the curriculum structure, evaluation methods, safeguard measures and certification methods of upgrading projects between the two countries, this study finds that the STLI/STL program of U.S. has a wider range of courses and lectures to meet individual needs of learners. And the content of ＂upgrading projects＂ in China is more targeted, but there is still much room for improvement in certification methods and guarantee measures. On this basis, it is suggested that the training mode should be innovated, the implementation of the curriculum needs to be standardized and the certification mechanism should be guaranteed in order to promote principals＇ leadership of informatization.