移民网络的贸易创造效应——基于出口产品质量的视角

The Trade Creation of Chinese Migrant Networks: From the Perspective of Export Quality

本文利用海关数据与工业企业数据库匹配之后高度细分的企业数据,研究了不同技能层次的移民网络对不同质量产品的贸易促进作用的差异。主要结论是:伴随产品质量的提升,高技能移民网络的贸易促进作用逐渐递增;与之相反,低技能移民网络的作用则伴随产品质量的提升不断下降。在中等质量以上的产品组别中,高技能移民网络是明显的作用主体。进一步细分样本,无论是对应于加工贸易、一般贸易,还是FDI企业、非FDI企业,高技能移民网络的贸易促进作用呈现伴随产品质量提高而增强的趋势;但低技能移民网络的作用主要体现在进料加工贸易和非FDI企业贸易品上。最受益于移民网络促进作用的产品,是样本中的次高质量组,而不是最高的质量组。以上趋势主要体现在扩展边际,在集约边际上不明显。

Based on the Chinese industrial enterprises database and customs trade statistics, this study investigates the different impact of migrant networks with different skill level on export product quality. The results show that, the pro-trade effect of skilled migrant networks becomes stronger with the increasing of product quality, and this trend keeps across the processing trade with supplied materials or imported ones, firms invested by FDI or not. While the unskilled migrant networks become weaker with the quality increasing, and this trend mainly appears in the processing trade with imported materials and firms without investing by FDI. The peak of pro-trade effect of skilled migrant networks occurs to the products with the sub-high quality, not the highest one. The above trends mainly present on extensive margin, not intensive one.