雏鸭感染H5N1亚型禽流感病毒后主要组织器官超微病理变化及病毒抗原分布的动态变化研究

Ultrastructural pathologic changes and detection of viral antigen distribution in major tissues and organs of ducks infected with H5N1 avian influenza virus

应用电子显微镜技术和RT-PCR检测方法,对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒（AIV）感染雏鸭后的主要组织器官超微结构变化和病毒抗原分布的动态变化进行了研究,为进一步探讨H5N1亚型AIV的致病机制提供了十分重要的参考依据。21日龄雏鸭感染AIV后第3~7天,RT-PCR结果显示,雏鸭各个实质器官内均有AIV分布,但不同组织无论病毒出现时间,还是病毒的持续时间,均有较大差异,其中肝脏和胰脏,检出病毒时间最短,持续时间最长;组织显微病理学结果显示法氏囊、脾脏和胸腺等免疫器官内淋巴细胞数量减少,部分细胞核固缩、染色质边集或溶解;肺泡上皮细胞部分细胞核固缩变形等。上述研究结果表明,H5N1亚型AIV感染雏鸭后具有广泛的组织细胞嗜性,其中,肝脏和胰脏是该株AIV复制的主要靶器官,AIV诱导呼吸器官和免疫器官发生明显的细胞坏死或凋亡可能是H5N1亚型AIV致病性的重要表现形式。

The ultrastructural pathologic changes and detection of viral antigen distribution in major organs and tissues of ducks infected with H5 N1 avian influenza virus were studied by electron microscope and RT-PCR.It is helpful for the pathogenic mechanism of H5 N1 avian influenza virus.The results showed that the detection of antigen was in all the parenchymal organs of ducks infected with AIV on day 3-7 post-infection,but there was a significant difference between the time of virus emergence and the duration.In liver and pancreas the detection of virus appeared the shortest,the duration is the longest;The ultrastructural pathologic changes were mainly the number of lymphocytes in the immune organs of ducks infected with AIV,such as the bursa,spleen and thymus was decreased,and the nucleus pycnosis,chromatin edge set or dissolved;The nucleus of alveolar epithelial cell is pycnosised and deformed.The H5 N1 avian influenza virus had tissue tropism extensively and appeared obvious cell degeneration and necrosis.It may be an important reason for the pathogenicity of the H5 N1 avian influenza virus.