中国农牧交错带燕麦土壤有效磷丰缺指标与适宜施磷量初步研究

Preliminary Study on Abundance-deficiency Index of Soil Available P and Appropriate Phosphorus Application Rate for Oats in the Farming-grazing Transitional Zone of China

为了给中国农牧交错带燕麦施肥提供科学依据,采用土壤有效养分含量与缺素处理相对产量回归方程法、土壤有效养分丰缺分级改良方案和"养分平衡—地力差减法"确定适宜施肥量新应用公式,开展了中国农牧交错带燕麦土壤有效磷丰缺指标与适宜施磷量研究。结果表明:中国农牧交错带燕麦土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)第1~8级丰缺指标依次为≥45、27~45、16~27、9~16、5.5~9、3.5~5.5、2.0~3.5、<2.0 mg/kg。当磷肥当季利用率20%、目标产量1.5~6.0 t/hm^2时,土壤有效磷丰缺级别第1~8级的适宜施磷量范围依次为0~0、8~30、15~60、23~90、30~120、38~150、45~180、53~210 kg/hm^2。

To provide a scientific basis for oats fertilization in the farming-grazing transitional zone （FGTZ） of China, the method of regression equation between soil available nutrient content and relative yield of P deficient treatment was used, combined with the improvement programs of available P abundance-deficiency levels and ＂nutrient balance - fertility difference＂ to construct the new equation, and the study on available P abundance-deficiency index and the appropriate phosphorus application rate was conducted. The results showed that the ADI of SAP （Olsen-P） for oats in the FGTZ of China from the first to eighth level were ≥45, 27-45, 16-27, 9-16, 5.5-9, 3.5-5.5, 2.0-3.5 and 〈2.0 mg/kg. When the phosphate fertilizer use efficiency in current season was 20% and the projected yield of oats was 1.5-6.0 t/hm^2, the ranges of APAR for the first to eighth level soil were 0-0, 8-30, 15-60, 23-90, 30-120, 38-150, 45-180 and 53-210 kg/hm^2, respectively.