线粒体融合与分裂在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展

Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission in Central Nervous System Diseases

线粒体是一种高度动态的细胞器,通过不断的融合和分裂维持其动态平衡,参与生理病理功能调节。线粒体融合与分裂主要由融合分裂相关蛋白调控,如Drp1、Fis1、Mfn1、Mfn2、OPA1等,多种诱导因子通过调节线粒体融合分裂相关蛋白表达及活化进而调节线粒体形态和生理功能。现有研究表明线粒体融合分裂的异常可能是许多中枢神经系统疾病的发病机制之一。本文从线粒体融合分裂的分子调控机制及其在缺血性脑中风、帕金森综合征和阿尔兹海默症等中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展方面进行综述,为相关疾病的防治提供一定参考和线索。

： Mitochondria is a highly dynamic organelle with coordinately fusion and fission, which is involved in in the regulation of physiological and pathological functions. The balance of mitochondrial dynamics is regulated by certain related proteins, such as dynamin-related protein 1 （Drpl）, fission 1 （Fisl）, mitofusinl （Mfnl）, mitofusin2 （Mfn2）, optic atrophy 1 （OPAl）, et al. A variety of inducible factors regulate the mitochondrial morphology and physiological functions by modulating the expression and activation of mitochondrial fusion and fission-associated proteins. Increasing evidences show that abnormal mitochondrial dynamics is involved in many central nervous system diseases, such as stroke, Alzheimer＇s disease, Parkinson＇s disease and so on, which indicate that unbalance of mitochondrial fission and fusion is one of mechanisms of central nervous system diseases. This paper reviews the current advances of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics relevant to neuronal dysfimction in central nervous system diseases, so as to provide some clues or references for the prevention and treatment of the related diseases.