论服务器标准的局限

On the Limitations of the Server Test

在我国信息网络传播权的侵权判定中,服务器标准虽然基本是司法实践的"主流",但它却未必始终符合国际条约和我国著作权法的规定。从发展的角度看,服务器标准只是对应着早期互联网的一种侵权界定标准,已不能涵盖所有的技术可能性或作品提供行为。在当前互联网技术环境下,把作品等客体提供于开放的服务器只是构成向公众提供作品行为的充分条件,而非必要条件,更非充分必要条件。固守服务器标准可能导致信息网络传播权法律适用背离技术中立原则,偏离立法目标,产生法律适用困境。司法裁判者应抛弃服务器标准,采用符合法律规定和更为合理的侵权界定标准。

Although the server test is basically the ＂mainstream＂ of the judicial practice in judging the infringements of the right of communication over the information networks in China, it may not always conform to the international treaties and the Copyright Law of China. From a his- torical perspective, the server test is just a test for infringement determination corresponding to the early time of internet, and cannot cover all the technical possibilities and acts of making a- vailable of works to the public in practice. In the current internet technology environment, up- loading works to a server open to the public only serves a sufficient condition to assess the action of making available of works to the public, but not a necessary condition, and nor a sufficient and necessary condition. Adhering to the server test may lead to deviation of the application of the right of communication over the information networks from the principle of technology neutrality and the legislative goal, and resulting in relative judicial dilemmas. Judges should be advisedly abandon the server test and adopt tests for infringement determination that may be more reasona- ble and more consistent with the Copyright Law.