建立以人才培养定位为基础的高等教育分类体系

Establishing the Classification System of Higher Education on the Basis of Talent Cultivation

从人才培养角度看,我国高等学校可以分为研究类高校、应用类高校两个类别。在这两个类别下,又可以根据高校的人才培养规格、培养特色、办学定位等划分为不同的类型。研究类高校可以分为综合研究型高校、特色研究型高校;应用类高校可以分为应用通用型高校、应用技术型高校、应用技能型高校。从高校的聚类结果看,以人才培养为基础的五种高校分类具有一定的科学依据和可操作性,作为聚类结果的高校分类情况也基本符合我国高等教育发展的现状特征。

From the perspective of talent cultivation, China＇s universities can be divided into two groups： research-oriented un,iversities and application-oriented universities. In these two groups, universities can be further divided into different types according to different training standards, training characteristics, school orientation and so on. Research-oriented universities can be divided into comprehensive research-oriented universities and characteristic research-oriented universities. Application-oriented universities can be divided into general application-oriented universities, technology-applied universities and skill-applied universities. The results of cluster analysis show that the classification of colleges and universities into five groups has a scientific basis and operability, which is consistent with the current characteristics of the higher education development in China.