从泛突厥主义到新奥斯曼主义--论冷战后土耳其外交政策调整

From Pan-Turkism to Neo-Ottomanism:Turkish Foreign Policy Adjustment after the Cold War

冷战后,土耳其改变了冷战期间对美一边倒外交政策,走泛突厥主义路线的外交政策。"9·11"事件后,正义与发展党执政后调整了外交政策,推行被称之为新奥斯曼主义的外交政策。"阿拉伯之春"以后,土耳其推行更加自主和强硬的外交政策,实现了对零问题外交的升级。土耳其外交政策调整是在自身实力提升的前提下,为了适应不断变化的国际环境。泛突厥主义和新奥斯曼主义服务于土耳其国家利益,同时也体现了土耳其追求大国地位和谋求地区霸权的实质。

After the cold war, Turkey changed its policy from following the United States in diplomacy in a one-sided manner during the cold war period to pursuing Pan-Turkism when conducting its foreign affairs. After 9/11, the Justice and Development Party （ AKP ） has accordingly adjusted Turkey＇s diplomatic policy after it became the ruling party, and the so-called Neo-Ottomanism has been implemented to guide its foreign policy. After the Arab Spring, Turkey＇s foreign policy has become more independent, taken a tougher stance, and achieved the upgrading of its ＂zero problems＂ diplomatic policy. The adjustment to foreign policy Turkey has made is to meet the constant changes in the international environment under the condition of the growth in its national strength. The Pan-Turkism and Neo-Ottomanism are both adopted to serve Turkey＇s national interests and in essence embody its aspiration for the position of a big nation and regional hegemony.