血清学与核酸检测在无偿献血血液传染性疾病筛查中的作用

The role of serology and nucleic acid detection in the screening of blood infectious diseases in unpaid blood donation

目的:探讨血清学与核酸检测在无偿献血血液传染性疾病筛查中的作用。方法:收集无偿献血血液标本1 800份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血液样本中的HBs Ag、HCV抗体、HIV抗原/抗体以及梅毒螺旋体抗体,核酸检测技术检测血液样本中的HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA、HIV-RNA。结果:血清学检测发现乙肝阳性率0.83%,丙肝阳性率0.44%,艾滋病阳性率0.28%。核酸检测发现,乙肝阳性率0.56%,丙肝阳性率0.28%,艾滋病阳性率0.11%。结论:对血液样本进行两遍酶联免疫吸附试验和一遍核酸检测试验能够在较大程度上确保血液样本的安全性。

Objective：To explore the role of serology and nucleic acid detection in the screening of blood infectious diseases in unpaid blood donation.Methods：1800 cases of blood samples fi＇om unpaid blood donors were collected.The HBsAg,HCV antibody, HIV antigen/antibody and treponema pallidum antibody in blood samples was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA in blood samples was detected by nucleic acid detection technology.Resuhs：The serology test found that the positive rate of hepatitis B was 0.83%,the positive rate of hepatitis C was 0.44%,and the positive rate of AIDS was 0.28%.The nucleic acid detection found that the positive rate of hepatitis B was 0.56%,the positive rate of hepatitis C was 0.28%,and the positive rate of AIDS was 0.11%.Conclusion：Two times of enzyme linked irumunosorbent assay and one time of nucleic acid test could ensure the safety of blood samples to a large extent.