原发性高血压患者盐摄入量与血压变异性的关系

The relationship between salt intake and blood pressure variability in patients with primary hypertension

目的探讨原发性高血压患者盐摄入量与血压变异性的关系。方法选取2017年1~7月本院门诊及住院初诊原发性高血压患者108例,根据24小时尿钠排泄率来衡量患者每日盐摄入量,按盐摄入总量分低盐组、中盐组和高盐组各36例。采用24 h动态血压仪记录患者血压,计算患者血压指标和血压变异性,分析患者每日盐摄入量与血压及血压变异性的相关性。结果三组24 h SBP、24 h DBP、d SBP、d DBP、n SBP和n DBP、24 h SSD和d SSD比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高盐组n SSD、24 h DSD、d DSD、n DSD和夜间收缩压下降率高于中盐组和低盐组(P<0.05);高血压盐摄入量与24 h SSD、d SSD、n SSD、24 h DSD、d DSD、n DSD和夜间收缩压下降率均呈正相关(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示摄盐量是24 h SSD、24 h DSD、d SSD、d DSD、n SSD、n DSD及夜间收缩压下降率的影响因素。结论患者盐摄入量与血压水平和血压变异性呈显著正相关,控制高血压患者的盐摄入量对控制患者血压水平和血压变异性具有重要的临床意义。

Objective To investigate the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure variability in patients with primary hypertensive.Methods A total of 108 outpatient and inpatient with primary hypertension for initial diagnosis in our hospital from January 2017 to July 2017 were selected.The 24-hour urine sodium level was used to measure daily salt intake. Based on daily salt intake,the patients were divided into low salt intake group,medium salt intake group and high salt intake group according to daily salt intake,36 in each group.Their blood pressure was measured by using a 24 h-ambulatory blood pressure meter and blood pressure indexes and blood pressure variability were calculated.Then,the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure variability was analyzed.Results There were significant differences in 24 h-SBP,24 h-DBP,daytime-SBP,daytime-DPB,nighttime-SPB,nighttime-DPB,24 h-SBP standard deviation（ 24 h-SSD） and daytime SBP standard deviation（ d-SSD） among the three groups（ P〈0. 05）.In the high salt intake group,nighttime SBP standard deviation（ n-SSD）,24 h-DSP standard deviation（ 24 h-DSD）,daytime-DPB standard deviation（ dDSD）,nighttime DBP standard deviation（ n-DSD） and reduction rate of nighttime SBP were higher than those in the low and medium salt intake groups（ P〈0. 05）.There was a positive association of salt intake with 24 h-SSD,d-SSD,n-SSD,24 h-DSD,d-DSD,n-DSD and reduction rate of nighttime SBP（ P〈0. 05）. Multivariate linear regression showed that daily salt intake was risk factor for 24 hSSD,24 h-DSD,d-SSD,d-DSD,n-SSD,n-DSD and reduction rate of nighttime SBP.Conclusion Patients＇ salt intake is correlated with blood pressure levels and blood pressure variability.Therefore,it is very important to control the daily salt intake so that control the blood pressure level and blood pressure variability.