考虑电动汽车分类的V2G消纳风电优化策略

Optimization strategy of V2G for wind power accommodation considering electric vehicle classification

电动汽车的调度问题由于汽车种类的多样性以及车主充电行为的自主性不能简单地被视为一个群整体模型。为此基于充电需求和电动汽车出行特征,将电动汽车分为经济型、合约型和常规型三类后执行价格激励和延时充电的方法,建立以运营商收益最大和电网负荷均方差最小的多目标函数,充分考虑风电场、电网、运营商和充电汽车用户的各方利益需求,为实际系统中各类型充电汽车进行合理调度指导,最终实现大规模电动汽车有序充放电以消纳弃风功率。算例对比三种优化策略,验证了同时采取电价激励和延时措施的策略能使综合目标最优。

The scheduling problem of electric vehicles （EVs） can not be simply considered as a group model due to the diversity of vehicle types and the autonomy of the charging behavior. Thus, based on the demand for charging and traveling, EVs are divided into three types： economic type, contract type and conventional type. By using the method of price incentive and charging delay, a model focusing on maximizing the profits of operators and minimizing mean- square deviation of power load is proposed,which takes fully consideration about the benefits of wind farm, power grids, operators and EV drivers. Proposed model can provide proper scheduling guidance for various types of EVs and fulfill the reduction of wind power curtailment by charging orderly. Three optimal strategies are compared for case study,and the result validates the best performance of the combination of both price incentive and charging delay strategies.