端氟烃基超支化纳米杂化聚氨酯乳液的合成及在织物防水上的应用

Synthesis of fluoroalkyl-terminated hyperbranched polyurethane nanohybrid latex and its waterproofing application on fabric

在醇水体系下,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)为原料,氨水为催化剂经水解缩合反应制得氨基化SiO_2;再以其为核,2,2-二羟甲基丙酸为单体制得超支化纳米SiO_2(HB-SiO_2).利用全氟烷基乙醇(S104)与HB-SiO_2对聚氨酯预聚体进行改性,制得末端为氟烃基的超支化纳米杂化水性聚氨酯(HBPUF-SiO_2).用红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1 H NMR)、透射电镜(TEM)对乳液主成分结构及乳胶粒微观形貌进行研究.以织物表面静态水接触角为指标,用KH550和HBPUF-SiO_2依次对织物进行疏水整理.同时,对织物的透气性、柔软度、白度及表面微观形貌进行研究.结果表明:合成产物具有预期结构.HBPUF-SiO_2乳胶粒呈规则球形,平均粒径为161.9nm.当KH550和HBPUF-SiO_2的质量浓度分别为1.5%和0.5%时,整理后织物表面有纳米微球的存在,水静态接触角可达149.3°,具有良好的疏水性.织物的柔软度与透气性有所降低,白度的变化较小.

The aminated silicon dioxide was synthesized by hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane（TEOS）andγ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane（KH550）in alcohol water mixed solvents and ammonia used as the catalyst.The hyperbranched polymer-silica hybrid nanoparticles（HBSiO2）were obtained with aminated silicon dioxide as the core and 2-bis-methylolpropionic aid（DMPA）as the monomer.And the HBPUF-SiO2 was prepared by the modification of organic fluorine alcohol and HB-SiO2.Infrared spectrum（IR）,proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum（1 H NMR）,and transmission electron microscope（TEM）were utilized to examine its structure and properties.With the static water contact angle（WCA）as an indicator,the KH550 and HBPUF-SiO2 were used for fabric processing respectively,and the waterproof coating was prepared.In addition,the permeability,softness,whiteness and microscopic morphology of fabric were tested accordingly.Results showed that the resultant possessed the due structure.The HBPUF-SiO2 latex particles presented a regularly spherical pattern with an average particle size of 161.9 nm.WCA on the modified fabric surface could attain 149.3°,while the concentrations of KH550 and HBPUF-SiO2 were 1.5% and 0.5%,respectively.Its surface owned some nanospheres and showed good water resistance.The fabric softness and permeability decreased,while the whiteness changed little.