2种叶面肥对攀枝花地区烤烟生长及产质量的影响

Effects of Two Foliage Fertilizers on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Panzhihua Region

为攀枝花地区烤烟营养生长状况改善及产质量的提高提供参考,以云烟87烤烟品种为试验材料,采用田间试验研究烤烟叶面喷施康壮素和海夫营养液叶面肥对其营养生长及产质量的影响。结果表明:喷施海夫营养液叶面肥的烤烟植株最高、茎围最大、腰叶最长和上部叶最宽,分别为128.3cm、10.7cm、67.1cm和26.1cm,均显著高于CK(喷施等量清水);生育期最短,为105d,比CK早5d;烟叶的产量和产值最高,分别为146.4kg/667m2和3 279.4元/667m2,比CK分别增加11.50%和12.5%;抗病性、烟叶的主要化学成分含量及外观质量均优于CK。喷施康壮素叶面肥烤烟植株的生育期比CK早3d;抗病性最好,中部烟叶的水溶性还原糖和总糖含量最高,外观质量最优,产质量优于CK。喷施叶面肥烟株的抗病性增强,发病率及病情指数降低,烟株生长发育良好,烟叶产质量提高,经济效益增加;综合性状和抗病性以喷施康壮素叶面肥最好,经济效益和产投比以喷施海夫营养液叶面肥最佳。

The effects of two foliage fertilizers（Kangzhuangsu and Haifu）on vegetative growth,yield and quality of Yunyan 87,a flue-cured tobacco variety,were studied by a field experiment to provide a reference for improving vegetative growth of flue-cured tobacco and increasing yield and quality of cured tobacco leaves in Panzhihua Region.Result：The height,stem girth,middle leaves length,upper leaves width of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Haifu foliage fertilizer reach 128.3 cm,10.7 cm,67.1 cm and26.1 cm respectively,significantly higher than CK.The growth period of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Haifu foliage fertilizer is 10^5 d,5 dearlier than CK.The yield and output value of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Haifu foliage fertilizer are 146.4 kg/667 m^2 and 3 279.4 Yuan/667 m^2,11.50% and 12.5%higher than CK respectively.The disease resistance,main chemical components content and appearance quality of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Haifu foliage fertilizer all are better than CK.The growth period of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Kangzhuangsu foliage fertilizer is 3 dearlier than CK.The disease resistance,water solubility reducing sugar and total sugar content of middle tobacco leaves and appearance quality of Yunyan 87 plants sprayed with Kangzhuangsu foliage fertilizer all are the highest and its yield and quality both are higher than CK.Spraying foliage fertilizer can increase disease resistance of tobacco plants,decrease disease percentage and disease index,promote growing development of tobacco plants,improve yield and quality of tobacco leaves and raise the economic benefit.Spraying Kangzhuangsu foliage fertilizer can improve comprehensive traits and disease resistance of Yunyan 87 significantly but spraying Haifu foliage fertilizer can obtain the optimum economic benefit and input-output ratio in production of Yunyan 87.