浅析如何在假设检验中建立原假设与备择假设——基于本科生统计学教学实践

Research on Establishing Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis in Hypothesis Testing: Based on Undergraduate Statistics Teaching Practice

建立原假设和备择假设是假设检验中至关重要的第一步。但究竟应该如何建立,对于大学本科生等初学者而言则是一大难题。本文以某例题引起的困惑谈起,分析了部分教材和教师教学的缺陷,提出了在讲授相关问题时应该考虑到本科生的特点,抓住假设检验的关键性内涵,即以对"现状"的描述作为首要原则。

Establishing null hypothesis and alternative hypothesisis the first and crucial step in hypothesis testing. How to establish,however, is a big problem for beginners like undergraduates.Beginning with an example, the article analyzes the defects insome textbooks and teachers＇ teaching practice, puts forward thatthe characteristics of the undergraduates must be taken into accountin teaching, and the description of ＂status quo＂ should beillustrated as the first principle of establishing null hypothesisand alternative hypothesis.