不同季节成人唾液碘含量的研究

Study on iodine content in saliva of adults in different seasons

目的:通过比较冬夏两个季节成人的唾液碘含量,探讨唾液碘的稳定性。方法:选择185名18~22岁健康大学生作为志愿者。研究分为两个阶段。第一阶段,首先选择其中82名被调查者,于2015年11月采用静息性唾液采集法和刺激性唾液采集法分别采集唾液5 m L。第二阶段,根据第一阶段测定结果,分别于2015年12月和2016年6月对185名被调查者采集静息性唾液5 m L,并在采样前对志愿者开展3 d每天24 h膳食记录问卷调查。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)方法进行唾液碘浓度的测定。结果:(1)被调查者的刺激性唾液碘含量和静息性唾液碘含量分别为:91.38(65.68~110.24)μg/L和90.24(64.47~108.47)μg/L,不同采样方式下唾液碘含量没有统计学差异(Z=0.03,P>0.05),两者之间呈正相关(r=0.99,P=0.00)。(2)采用静息性唾液采集法得到的被调查者冬季和夏季的唾液碘含量分别为:99.98(77.36~128.46)μg/L和108.73(90.01~152.28)μg/L,二者没有统计学差异(Z=1.84,P>0.05),冬夏两季唾液碘之间呈正相关的关系(r=0.68,P<0.05)。不同性别之间唾液碘水平分别为:冬季(男:98.09μg/L,女:101.03μg/L)和夏季(男:108.73μg/L,女:110.29μg/L),唾液碘之间没有统计学差异(冬季:Z=0.55,P>0.05;夏季Z=0.14,P>0.05);(3)冬夏两季被调查者膳食碘摄入量分别为(364.39±137.53)μg/d和(391.85±30.41)μg/d,二者无统计学差异(t=-1.04,P>0.05)。冬夏两季唾液碘浓度的分布无统计学差异(χ~2=2.54,P>0.05);(4)冬季膳食碘摄入量和唾液碘之间不存在相关关系(r=0.03,P=0.87),夏季膳食碘摄入量和唾液碘之间不存在相关关系(r=0.06,P=0.78)。结论:唾液碘含量不受性别、采样方式和采样温度的影响,可以作为一个稳定、简便的指标来评价人群的碘营养水平。

Objective： To explore the stability of salivary iodine by comparing adult salivary iodine between winter and summer. Methods： One hundred and eightyfive college students aged from 18 to 22 were chosen as volunteers. The study was divided into two stages. The first stage, 82 volunteers were respectively collected 5mL saliva by resting salivary collection method and stimulating salivary collection method in November 2015. The second stage, according to the measurement resuh of the first stage, 185 volunteers were respectively collected 5mL resting saliva in December 2015 and in June 2016, and a three-day dietary review questionnaire was recorded for each volunteer before collecting resting saliva. Salivary iodine concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectronmtry （ICP-MS） method. Results： （1） Stimulating salivary iodine concentration and resting salivary iodine concentration of volunteers were 91.38 （65.68-110.24） μg/L and 90.24 （64.47-108.47） μg/L, respectively. There was no significant difference between stimulating salivary iodine concentration and resting salivary iodine concentration （Z=0.03, P〉0.05 ）, and there was a positive con＇elation between the two（r=0.99 ,P=0.00）.（2） Salivary iodine concentration of volunteers in winter and summer by resting salivary collection method were 99.98 （77.36-128.46） μg/L and 108.73 （90.01-152.28） μg/L, respectively. There was no significant difterenee in salivary iodine concentration between winter and summer （Z=1.84,P〉0.05）, and there was a positive correlation in salivary iodine concentration between winter and summer （r=0.68,P〈0.05）. Salivary iodine concentration of＇ volunteers of male and female in winter and sumnler were （male ： 98.09 μg/L,female：101.03μg/L） and （male： 108.73 μg/L, female： 110.29 μg/L）, respectively. There was no significant difference in salivary iodine concentration between male and female （winter： Z=0.55, P〉0.05 ; summer： Z=0.14, P〉0.05 ）. （3） Dietary iodine intake of＇ volunteers in winter and summer were （364.39±137.53） μg/d and （391.85±30.41） μg/d, respectively. There was no significant difference in dietary iodine intake between winter and summer （t =-1.04,P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference in the distribution of salivary iodine concentration between winter and summer（χ^2=2.54,P〉0.05 ）; （4） There was no correlation between dietary iodine intake and salivary iodine concentration in winter （r=0.03, P=0.87 ）; There was no correlation between dietary iodine intake and salivary iodine concentration in summer （r=0.06, P=0.78）. Conclusion： Salivary iodine could not be affected by sex, sampling method and temperature, and may be used as a stable and simple indicator to evaluate the iodine nutrition level of the population.