“特殊市场情况”的规则解释与中国因应——以澳大利亚对华反倾销中的实践为例

The Legal Interpretation of “Particular Market Situation” and Chinese Response——A Case of Australian Anti-dumping Practices against China

自2005年承认中国的市场经济地位以来,澳大利亚通过在8起对华反倾销中扩大解释和滥用特殊市场情况规则,事实上变相对华延续"替代国"做法、行非市场经济歧视之实。这在实践中表现为将"特殊市场情况"解释为中国宏观政府干预所导致的原材料低价,并据此决定构造正常价值。文章根据国际公法的条约解释规则,尝试解答了澳对华反倾销实践所映射出的、有关"特殊市场情况"的法律解释之惑,并据此认为澳大利亚对华认定特殊市场情况的现行做法不符合WTO法的规定。对此,中国政府应借助中澳FTA和WTO争端解决,多措并举寻求救济。

Since recognizing the market economy status of China in 2005,Australia has widely interpreted and abused the Particular Market Situation rule in eight anti-dumping investigations against China,to the effect that the＂Surrogate Country＂methodology continued to apply to Chinese exports in a disguised manner,and that China has been de facto discriminated as an nonmarket economy. This practice operates as： interpreting＂Particular Market Situation＂as the low-price of raw material caused by general governmental influence,and thereby deciding to construct the normal value. In subsection three and four of this paper,the authors endeavor to interpret the meaning and scope of ＂Particular Market Situation＂,by resorting to treaty interpretation rules of Public International Law. Based on the interpretation results,the authors consider the current＂Particular Market Situation＂findings against China to be incompatible with WTO rules. Hence the Chinese government is strongly suggested to seek remedies via both the China-Australia FTA and the WTO.