基于生态环境的城市交通效率及其影响因素分析

An Analysis of Urban Transport Efficiency Based on Ecological Environment and Its Influencing Factors

城市交通迅速发展带来的拥堵、环境污染等问题成为研究关注的热点,文章从生态环境约束治理角度,构建SBMDEA非期望产出模型测度中国30个城市2007-2016年生态交通效率和节能减排潜力,并基于空间面板计量模型,对城市生态交通效率的主要影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:2007-2016年间,中国城市交通效率未达到生态交通标准,大多数城市的生态交通效率在0.5左右且存在区域差异,具有较大节能减排潜力;人均GDP、城市公共交通车辆以及城市绿地面积三因素正向影响城市生态交通效率,城镇化率、出租车数量以及私人小汽车数量三因素负向影响城市生态交通效率。最后,文章提出改进我国城市生态交通效率的若干措施。

The rapid development of urban traffic brings about a series of problems such as environmental pollution,traffic congestion and so on. From the perspective of ecological environment governance,this paper builds a SBM-DEA undesired output model to measure the ecological transport efficiency and the potentials of energy saving and emissions reduction of 30 cities in China from 2007 to 2016. Furthermore,the paper,applying the spatial econometric model,makes an analysis on the main influencing factors of urban ecological transport efficiency. The results show that： China＇s urban transport efficiency does not reach the ecological transport standard,the ecological transport efficiency in most cities is about 0. 5,and there are regional differences,which have great potentials for energy saving and emissions reduction; The three factors of per capita GDP,urban public transport vehicles and urban green area have positive influences on the urban ecological transport efficiency. Whereas the other three factors of the rate of urbanization,the number of taxis and the number of private cars have negative influences on the urban ecological transport efficiency. Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions on improving China＇s urban ecological transport efficiency.