杜诗用《世说新语》典故的原因分析

Root Cause Analysis on Introductions of Classical Allusion of Shishuoxinyu into DU Fu's Poems

杜诗频引《世说新语》典故,究其原因,首先是杜甫对《世说新语》展现的自由精神的向往,故常借《世说新语》所体现的自由精神自我标榜。其次是其与《世说新语》追求的审美理想的同一性,使杜甫常用《世说新语》中不为物累的精神自我勉励,因其对超功利审美的推崇,故对功利的利己主义予以批判。此外,永嘉南渡之悲与安史乱离之痛的异代相似性,带给士人的家国之感、身世之忧,及帝都沦陷所导致的理想的失落,亦让杜甫频频援典感叹。

As for the main reasons why Shishuoxinyu have been frequently introduced into Du Fu＇s poems,the first reason lies in Du Fu＇s yearning for the spirit of freedom presented in Shishuoxinyu,so the spirit of freedom can be commonly seen in his poems for glorifying himself. Secondly,the identity between his thoughts and aesthetic ideas chased in Shishuaxinyu helps Du Fu to encourage himself by frequently introducing the＂Not Tired with Object＂spirit presented in the book. Due to his admiration to super-utility aesthetics,his criticism to utilitarian egoism can be seen in most of his poems. Therefore,the similarities from these different generations,presenting in the sorrow from southward to Yongjia and the pain from Anshi Rebellion,brought the longing for motherland,worry for life,the disappointment for the fall of imperial,and caused his lament with frequently quoting the classical allusion.