左宗棠治水论析——基于《光绪朝硃批奏折》的考察

An Analysis of Zuo Zongtang's Water Conservancy:An Investigation Based on Guangxu Zhupi Memorials to the Throne

左宗棠治水尤重防范未然,以古鉴今,顺应自然规律。其提出的引淮入海、裁弯取直、源流并治、取淤固堤等方法不仅是实事求是的科学态度,而且取得了很大成效,一时间"河流顺轨,农商称便"。同时,他还积极引进西方治水机器,第一次在民用事业上开展洋务运动,极大地提高了兴修水利的效率。他所总结的"治水必先下游""治水之要不外蓄泄两端"等观点至今仍被作为治水的重要参考。

The construction of water conservancy of Zuo Zongtang stresses preventions beforehand,applications of historical methods and conforming to the law of nature.Zuo proposed the ways of water conservancy such as to guide the Huai River into the East China Sea which not only showed the scientific attitude of seeking truth from reality but also achieved great success.At the same time he imported western machines to develop livelihood undertakings,which improved efficiency greatly.The viewpoints he has put forward are still important references for water control.