以需要为中心:中国残疾儿童义务教育政策创新研究

Taking the Needs as the Center:Study on the Development of Compulsory Education for Disabled Children

教育对于残疾儿童的终身发展具有重要的意义。我国残疾儿童的义务教育经过几十年的发展,已经确立了以随班就读为主的教育形式,取得了"基本普及"的发展成就。但由于残疾儿童义务教育发展受到师资等投入要素供给约束,强制性替代现象还不同程度存在,残疾儿童义务教育水平整体上偏低,尚未达到"高质量",这就需要残疾儿童教育政策从以追求覆盖面为重点向以追求充分满足残疾儿童需要为重点转变。为此,残疾儿童义务教育政策应以需要为逻辑起点进行制度建设与创新,并辅之以配套政策的完善。

Education has great significance for the lifelong development of disabled children. Developed for several decades,the compulsory education for the disabled children in China has already established the education pattern,which takes the class as the main,and has achieved the development achievements with＂Basically Popularizing＂. However,due to the development of compulsory education for disabled children,the factors such as the input of teachers,the phenomenon of mandatory substitution exists in varying degrees,and the level of compulsory education for disabled children is also low on the whole. The compulsory education for disabled children has achieved＂Basically Popularizing＂,but not＂high-quality＂,so the education policy of the disabled children will focus on the pursuit of coverage and the pursuit of the full satisfaction of the needs of the disabled children. In order to achieve the developed goal of＂high-quality＂,the policy of compulsory education for disabled children should have system construction and innovation based on the need for logical starting point of institution,as well as complementing by the improvement of supporting policies.