基于虚拟互动的场馆展品信息传播模型构建——以哈佛自然历史博物馆“生命进化之树”虚拟互动展品为例

Information Communication Model based on the Visualization of Interactive Exhibits in Museums——Investigating the “Interactive Tree of Life” Visualization at Harvard Museum of Natural History

近年来,随着公众对博物馆要求的提高、虚拟现实技术的日益发展,运用现代数字化技术提升展品的创造力与吸引力,激发参观者的学习兴趣与热情,已成为当今博物馆尤其是科技类博物馆的必经之路。虚拟现实技术以其先进的动态影像、沉浸式的体验特征、丰富的交互作用成为科技馆进行科学创新与传播的重要手段。文章从虚拟现实技术在科技馆中的展品应用出发,通过剖析美国哈佛自然历史博物馆中"生命进化之树"虚拟互动展品,借以"5W传播模式"探究虚拟互动的场馆展品信息传播要素,探索其如何促进参观者与虚拟展品进行深度交互,构建基于虚拟互动的场馆展品信息传播模型。

Nowadays, with the increasing public demand for museum development and the advancement of Virtual Reality（VR） technology, it is indispensable for museums, especially science museums, to apply modern digital technology in the interest of promoting the quality of museum exhibits and inspire visitors＇ learning. With its advanced dynamic images, immersive experience characteristics and rich interaction, VR technology has become a useful tool for museums to develop science communication and to promote exhibit innovation. This paper investigated the practical application of VR technologies in museums based on the case of the interactive Tree of Life visualization at Harvard Museum of Natural History. Meanwhile, the present article analyzed the communication elements of this interactive information visualization exhibit with ＂5 W communication model＂, so as to look into its organization in promoting deeper interaction between visitors and virtual exhibits. Moreover, the information communication model based on interactive information visualization exhibit was built in the paper.