论教育手段不合理的缘由及合理的条件

Causes and Solutions for the Irrational Education Means

从教育手段与教育目的相关联的角度,揭示教育手段不合理的缘由和探析教育手段合理的条件。通过对教育手段与教育目的的合理性关系进行分类和分析,发现在教育手段和教育目的所构成的各种关系中,教育目的合理、教育手段却不合理是必须探讨的问题。针对这一问题,运用思辨法和引证相关文献对教育手段不合理的缘由及其合理的条件进行辨析、论证。经辨析、论证,教育手段不合理的缘由为教育手段的创制、选择比教育目的的设立更难,教育手段的运用所导致的教育结果有时是无法预知的,人们在认识上将教育手段的合理视为由合理的教育目的所给定的,在教育实践中习惯于以教育目的的合理来证明教育手段合理。教育手段合理的条件为缩小教育者与教育目的之间的心理距离;在评价教育手段时,既应审视其积极成效,更应审视其消极影响;增强教育目的的清晰程度;将教育目的与教育手段的合理性分开来评价等。

This paper aims to examine the rationality of educational means. The paper analyzes the causes or the irrational means and offers solutions. The paper finds that the advance and selection of education means are more difficult than the establishment of education purposes. Sometimes the education results are unpredictable in the use of education means. Generally,the rationality of education means is decided by reasonable education purposes. We should narrow the psychological distance between the educators and education purposes,examine both the positive e and the negative impact in evaluating education means,clarify education purposes,and separately evaluate the reasonability of education purposes and education means,etc.; these are the condition of reasonable education means.