三种单方精油及其复配后抑菌作用与抗氧化活性的分析

Analysis of Antimicrobial Effects and Antioxidant Activities of Three Unilateral Essential Oils and Their Complex

探讨了德国洋甘菊精油、茶树精油、广藿香精油和以它们为基础的4种复方精油的抑菌活性、稳定性和抗氧化活性,并分析了3种单方精油的组成成分。结果表明:7种精油对供试菌均有一定的抑制作用,其中广藿香精油的抑菌效果最好,它们对四种致病菌的最低抑菌浓度均在8~16μL/mL之间;pH和温度对精油的抑菌效果有一定的影响;7种精油均具有一定的还原力,其中德国洋甘菊精油的还原力最高,Rancimat试验也证明德国洋甘菊精油的抗氧化能力最强。GC-MS分析表明德国洋甘菊精油、茶树精油和广藿香精油的主要挥发性成分分别达到37种、22种和42种。结果表明,部分单方精油的复配能提高抑菌效果、扩大抑菌谱和提高对环境条件的敏感性,这些生理功能与精油的化学组分密切相关。

The antibacterial effect, stability and antioxidant activity of German chamomile essential oil, tea tree oil, patchouli essential oil and their compounded essential oils were explored, and the constituents of three unilateral essential oils were also analyzed. The results showed that the seven kinds of essential oils had a certain inhibitory effect on the test bacteria, and patchouli essential oil had the best antibacterial effect among them, their minimum inhibitory concentrations for the four pathogens were between 8 and 16 μL/m L; p H and temperature had a certain effect on the antibacterial effect of essential oils; Seven kinds of essential oils had a certain reduction power, in which, German chamomile essential oil was the highest, and Rancimat experiments also proved that antioxidant capacity of German chamomile essential oil was the strongest. Analysis of GC-MS showed that the main active ingredients of German chamomile essential oil, tea tree oil and patchouli essential oil were 37, 22 and 42, respectively. These results suggested that the combination of some unilateral essential oils could improve the antibacterial effect, expand the bacteriostatic spectrum and improve the sensitivity to the environmental condition, and these functions were closely related to the chemical components of essential oils.