构建博士生招生“申请—审核”制公平性保障机制

Constructing a Fairness Mechanism for the Apply-and-Review System Doctoral Enrollment System

博士生招生"申请—审核"制扩大了导师自主权,也不可避免地带来招生公平性问题。美国的博士生入学申请制有一套完善的公平保障制度,不但选拔出高质量的生源,而且保证了招生的公平性。本文在探讨美国博士生招生公平性保障机制的基础上,提出我国博士生招生"申请—审核"制应从完善师生双向选择机制、完善制度约束、健全监督机制、引入淘汰制4方面着力。

The apply-and-review doctoral enrollment system has contributed to broadening supervisor autonomy while inevitably leading to inequity in the enrollment process. Having formed a thorough guarantee system for equity in the doctoral enrollment process, the doctoral training system in America has made great achievements.Borrowing ideas by exploring this guarantee system, the paper puts forward proposals in terms of bidirectional choice between professors and students, institutional constraints, supervisory mechanism and elimination system,with a view to providing reference for the system design of reforming Chinese doctoral enrollment system.