支挡式结构物水平冻胀力研究进展与思考

Research Progress and Thinking on Horizontal Frost Heaving Force and Retaining Structure

寒冷地区的支挡式结构,极易受水平冻胀力的影响,过大的水平冻胀力容易造成支护结构变形、出现裂缝、支护体错断甚至整体倾倒,严重威胁支护工程的安全与稳定,因此研究寒区支挡式结构水平冻胀力的变化规律具有重要意义。主要从水平冻胀力的产生、影响因素、分布模式、取值大小、计算方法以及防治措施等诸多方面的国内外研究现状进行综述,结果表明:水平冻胀力的大小及其分布形态受土质类型、土颗粒大小、土体分散性、土内所含矿物成分、土体温度、土体含水量、外界水源补给以及支护结构特征等多因素影响;水平冻胀力存在多种分布模式,对不同分布模式应采取不同的计算方法,而且各计算公式均有一定的限制条件。在实际工程中,若要减弱水平冻胀力的影响,可采取换填土质、加强保温、隔水排水、使用物理化学试剂或多方法综合使用等措施。

Retaining structures are easily influenced by the soil frost heave in cold regions.The excessive horizontal frost heaving force can easily cause the supported structures to deform,crack,break,or even dump,which is a serious threat to the security and stability of engineering,and therefore it is of great significance to study the cold retaining structure horizontal frost heaving force.The main study and research on the horizontal frost heaving force focus on the influence factors,distribution patterns,force value,calculation method,and prevention measures at home and abroad.The results show that the strength of horizontal frost heaving force and its distribution pattern depend on soil type,soil particle size,dispersion,mineral composition,soil temperature,moisture content,water supplies,and supporting structures.There are many different distribution patterns and calculation methods.Each calculation formula has its own restriction.In actual engineering,to weaken the influence of the horizontal frost heaving force,the methods usually used are as follows：fill with soil,enhance thermal insulation,waterproof and drainage,using physical and chemical reagents,or other more comprehensive measures.