高等教育市场化棘轮效应:历史审视与现实反思

Ratchet Effect of Higher Education Mar ketization: Histor ical Review and Practical Reflection

高等教育市场化本身是一个动态发展的过程。大学发展的功能从本体到功用的延伸,教育模式从序列化教育转向并行化教育,质量标准从单一转向多元,我国高等教育市场化历史进程表明其市场化发展是行政主导的产物。然而高等教育市场化的无限放大与泛化,导致大学的价值理性日渐消解,这种工具性与价值性存在明显失衡的现象,反映了高等教育系统内的市场化棘轮效应,它是工具主义理念、异化的大学功能及知识资本等因素共同作用的结果。缓解高等教育市场化棘轮效应的现实路径,既需要在理念上更新学术共同体的教育价值观和责任感,还需要正视大学存在的永恒价值,强化传授知识和学术研究的基本功能,并正确发挥政府在市场化中的作用。

Marketization of higher education itself is a development extends from ontology to function, the dynamic development process. The function of university educational model shifts from serialized education to parallelized education, and the quality standard shifts from single to multiple. The history of China＇s higher education marketization indicates that its marketization is a product of administrative leadership. However, the infinite enlargement and generalization of marketization of higher education has led to the diminishing of universities＇ value rationality, This phenomenon of obvious imbalance between instrumentality and value reflects the ratchet effect of marketization in the higher education system. It is a result of a combination of faeto, such as instrumentalist concept, dissimilated university functions and intellectual capital. The realistic path of reliving the ratchet effect of marketization in higher education requires not only to update educational values and responsibilities of academic community in terms of philosophy, but also to addresses the eternal values of the existence of universities, strengthen the basic functions of imparting knowledge and academic research, and give full play to government＇ s role in the marketization.